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About This Calculator
Virtual dice rolling provides truly random results for tabletop RPGs, board games, probability exercises, and decision-making. This tool simulates rolls of standard polyhedral dice including d4, d6, d8, d10, d12, and d20, with support for rolling multiple dice simultaneously. It tracks roll history and calculates totals, making it faster and more versatile than physical dice.
Quick Tips
- 1 Two six-sided dice produce 7 most frequently with a probability of 16.67%.
- 2 Use 4d6-drop-lowest for D&D ability scores to skew results above average.
- 3 The average roll of any die is (max + 1) / 2, so a d20 averages 10.5.
Example Calculation
Roll 4d6 drop lowest for D&D ability score.
Rolls: 6, 4, 3, 5 | Drop lowest (3) | Ability score: 15 | Range: 3 to 18
Types of Dice
Standard dice (d6) have 6 sides numbered 1-6. Polyhedral dice used in tabletop RPGs include d4 (tetrahedron), d8 (octahedron), d10 (pentagonal trapezohedron), d12 (dodecahedron), d20 (icosahedron), and d100 (percentile).
Dice Probability Basics
Each face on a fair die has an equal probability. For a d6, each face has a 1/6 (16.7%) chance. When rolling multiple dice, the probability distribution forms a bell curve centered on the average roll. Two d6 most commonly sum to 7.
Dice in Tabletop Gaming
Tabletop RPGs like Dungeons and Dragons use notation like 2d6+3 (roll two six-sided dice and add 3). Different dice serve different purposes: d20 for attack rolls and skill checks, d6 and d8 for damage, d100 for percentile rolls.
Expected Values and Statistics
The expected (average) value of a single die is (sides + 1) / 2. For a d6, the average is 3.5. For multiple dice, multiply by the number of dice. The minimum roll is the number of dice, and the maximum is dice times sides.
Frequently Asked Questions
This roller uses Math.random(), which provides pseudo-random numbers sufficient for gaming purposes. For cryptographic randomness or gambling, hardware random number generators are used. For tabletop gaming, pseudo-random is perfectly adequate.
The most likely sum is 7, with a probability of 6/36 (16.7%). There are six ways to make 7 (1+6, 2+5, 3+4, 4+3, 5+2, 6+1) compared to only one way each for 2 (1+1) and 12 (6+6).
The notation NdS means roll N dice with S sides each. 2d6 means two six-sided dice. 1d20 means one twenty-sided die. 4d6 means four six-sided dice. Some notations add modifiers like 2d6+3.
Average rolls: d4=2.5, d6=3.5, d8=4.5, d10=5.5, d12=6.5, d20=10.5, d100=50.5. For multiple dice, multiply by the number of dice. Two d6 have an average of 7.
This calculator supports rolling up to 100 dice at once. Each die is rolled independently, and the individual results, sum, and average are all displayed. The chart shows the distribution of individual roll values.